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%A A. S. St Leger
%A A. L. Cochrane
%A F. Moore
%T Factors associated with cardiac mortality in developed countries with
   particular reference to the consumption of wine
%J Lancet
%V 1
%N 8124
%P 1017-1020
%M MAY
%D 1979
%K jrnl, Lancet, c1979, c197x, c19xx, zz0120, French paradox, MeDi, wine,
   moderate, alcohol, positive, zzAlcohol, drink, drinking, consumption,
   human health, heart disease, Cadiovascular, risk, risks, cause, stats,
   StLeger
%X "Deaths from ischaemic heart-disease in 18 developed countries are not
   strongly assoc. with health-service factors such as doctor and nurse density.
   There is a -ve assoc. with gross national product per capita & a +ve but
   inconsistent assoc. with saturated & monounsaturated fat intake. The
   principal finding is a strong & specific -ve assoc. between ischaemic
   heart-disease deaths & alcohol consumption. This is shown to be wholly
   attributable to wine consumption."
   -- [doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)92765-x]['19].
   (Also see [bbc][22/10/'19].)
   [Also search for: zzAlcohol].

%A T. C. St Laurent
%A M. Arseneault
%A F. Longpre
%A C. Ramassamy
%T Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, two main components of olive oil, protect
   N2a cells against amyloid-beta-induced toxicity. Involvement of the
   NF-kB signaling
%J Curr. Alzheimer Res.
%V 8
%N 5
%P 543-551
%M AUG
%D 2011
%K jrnl, c2011, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, StLaurent, Tyrosol, Tyr, hydroxytyrosol,
   white wine, alcohol, consumption, zzAlcohol, positive, drinking, Olive oil,
   MeDi, Alzheimers, human health, risk, risks, StLaurent
%X "... Several studies have reported that adherence to the Mediterranean
   diet (MeDi) was assoc. with a reduction in incident of dementia. The
   beneficial effect of MeDi may be the result of the association of some
   individual and non-identified food components and high consumption of
   olive oil. ... identified two individual food components of the MeDi as
   neuroprotective agent against Abeta and their potential involvement in the
   beneficial effect of the MeDi for the prevention of AD."
   -- [doi:10.2174/156720511796391845]['19],
      [pubm'd]['19].
    (Also see, "... We found in white wine two compounds common to extra
    virgin olive oil, which is recognised as a healthy food, more or less
    in the same amount,' Bertelli says. These compounds, tyrosol and
    hydroxytyrosol, have also been found to be protective against Alzheimer's
    disease ..."
    -- [bbc][22/10/'19].)
   [Also search for: zzAlcohol].

%A T. J. Hydes
%A et al ...
%A N. Sheron
%T A comparison of gender-linked population cancer risks between alcohol and
   tobacco: how many cigarettes are there in a bottle of wine?
%J BMC Public Health
%V 19
%P #316
%M MAR
%D 2019
%K jrnl, ejrnl, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, moderate, alcohol, negative,
   zzAlcohol, drinking, gender, men, women, health, risk, risks
%X "... One bottle of wine per week is assoc. with an increased absolute
   lifetime cancer risk for non-smokers of 1.0% (men) & 1.4% (women). The
   overall absolute increase in cancer risk for one bottle of wine per week
   equals that of five (men) or ten cigarettes per week (women). Gender
   differences result from levels of moderate drinking leading to a 0.8%
   absolute risk of breast cancer in female non-smokers. ..."
   -- [doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6576-9]['19].
   [Also search for: zzAlcohol].

%A I. Y. Millwood
%A et al ...
%A Zhengming Chen
%T Conventional and genetic evidence on alcohol and vascular disease aetiology:
   a prospective study of 500,000 men and women in China
%J The Lancet
%V 393
%N 10183
%P 1831-1843
%M MAY
%D 2019
%K jrnl, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, moderate, alcohol, negative,
   zzAlcohol, drinking, heart disease, attack, stroke
%X "The prospective China Kadoorie Biobank enrolled 512,715 adults between
   June 25, 2004, and July 15, 2008, from ten areas of China ... 161,498
   participants were genotyped for two variants that alter alcohol metabolism,
   ALDH2-rs671 and ADH1B-rs1229984. ... Genetic epidemiology shows that the
   apparently protective effects of moderate alcohol intake against stroke are
   largely non-causal. Alcohol consumption uniformly increases blood pressure
   and stroke risk, and appears in this one study to have little net effect on
   the risk of myocardial infarction."
   -- [doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31772-0]['19].
     (Also see,
      "... found that the more people drank, the more likely they were to
     experience high blood pressure and stroke - and there was no reduced
     risk among people who drank one to two units per day. There was no
     association either way with heart attacks. As a result, while there
     was a clear link between alcohol consumption and stroke risk, something
     in alcohol may protect us against heart attacks.  ..."
     -- [bbc][22/10/'19], so some +ve and some -ve.)
   [Also search for: zzAlcohol].

%A A. Topiwala
%A et al
%T No safe level of alcohol consumption for brain health: observational
   cohort study of 25,378 UK Biobank participants
%J medrXiv
%M MAY
%D 2021
%K TR, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, moderate, alcohol, negative, zzAlcohol,
   drinking, human health, risks, blood pressure, brain, beer, wine, spirits
%X "... Alcohol consumption was negatively linearly assoc. with global brain
   grey matter volume (beta=-0.1, 95% CI=-0. 11 to -0.09, p<2x10^{-16}). ...
   Widespread negative assoc. were observed with white matter microstructure ...
   Higher blood pressure & body mass index increased risk of alcohol-related
   harm ... Binging on alcohol had additive -ve effects on brain structure on
   top of the abs. volume consumed (daily compared to never binging: beta=-0.19,
   95% CI= -0.30 to -0.08, p<0.01). No evidence was found for differential
   effects of drinking wine, beer or spirits. ..."
   -- [doi:10.1101/2021.05.10.21256931]['21],
      [www].
   [Also search for: zzAlcohol].

%A A. Conte
%A A. Marino
%A R. Grossi
%A T. Uno
%A L. Versari
%T Proximity search for maximal subgraph enumeration
%J arXiv
%M JAN
%D 2020
%K TR, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, graph, graphs, subgraph, subgraphs, maths,
   solution, algorithm, enumerate, enumeration, generate
%X "... subgraphs of an input graph that satisfy a given property & are maximal
   under inclusion. ... a seemingly novel technique, proximity search, to list
   these subgs. in polynomial delay each. These include Maximal Bipartite Subg.,
   Maximal k-Degenerate Subg. (for bounded k), Maximal Induced Chordal Subgs.,
   & Maximal Induced Trees. Using known techniques, such as reverse search, the
   space of sought solns induces an implicit directed graph called 'solution
   graph': however, the latter can give rise to exponential out-degree, thus
   preventing polynomial delay. The novelty of our alg. ... consists in
   providing a technique for generating a better soln graph ... While traversing
   the soln graph incur in space proportional to the # of solns to keep track of
   visited ones, we further propose a technique to induce a parent-child
   relationship & achieve polynomial space when suitable conditions are met."
   -- 1912.13446@[arXiv]['10].
   [Also search for: enumerate subgraph].

%A R. Dondi
%A G. Mauri
%A I. Zoppis
%T Complexity issues of string to graph approximate matching
%J arXiv
%M JAN
%D 2020
%K TR, c2020, c202x, c20xx, zz0120, graph, maths, string, match, matching,
   approximate, problem
%X "The problem of matching a query string to a directed graph, whose vertices
   are labeled by strings ... we present results on the complexity of the
   approximate matching problem, where edit operations are symbol substitutions
   & are allowed only on the graph labels or both on the graph labels & the
   query string. We introduce a variant of the problem that asks whether there
   exists a path in a graph that represents a query string with any number of
   edit operations & we show that is is NPC ... . Moreover, we show
   that the variants of approximate string matching to graph we consider are not
   fixed-parameter tractable, when the parameter is the number of edit
   operations, even for graphs that have distance one from a DAG. The reduction
   for this latter result allows us to prove the inapproximability of the
   variant where edit operations can be applied both on the query string &
   on graph labels."
   -- 2001.01961@[arXiv]['20].

%A B. Sinervo
%A C. M. Lively
%T The rock-paper-scissors game and the evolution of alternative male strategies
%J Nature
%V 380
%P 240-243
%D 1996
%K jrnl, c1996, c199x, c19xx, zz0120, biology, biol, game theory,
   side blotched lizard, animal, mate selection, strategy, mating, sex, morphs,
   harem minder, cheater, monogamy, polygamy
%X "... report here the application of an evolutionary stable strategy model to
   a three-morph mating system in the side-blotched lizard. Using parameter
   estimates from field data, the model predicted oscillations in morph frequs.
   & the freqs. of the three male morphs were found to oscillate over a six-year
   period in the field. The fitnesses of each morph relative to other morphs
   were non-transitive in that each morph could invade another morph when rare,
   but was itself invadable by another morph when common. Concordance between
   frequency-dependent selection and the among-year changes in morph fitnesses
   suggest that male interactions drive a dynamic 'rock-paper-scissors' game."
   -- [doi:10.1038/380240a0]['19].
   (Also see 'How game theory can help improve your luck at dating',
   M. Dal Borgo [bbc][19/12/2019].)

%A T. Duster
%T Backdoor to Eugenics
%P 264
%D 2003
%K book, text, c2003, c200x, c20xx, zz0120, genetics, DNA, eugenics, human,
   health, data, big pharma, risk, risks, society
%X 1st ed 2003; uk us isbn:0415946743; uk us isbn13:978-0415946742.
   "... pros and cons of prenatal detection of birth defects; gene therapies;
   growth hormones; and substitute genetic answers to problems linked with such
   groups as Jews, Scandanavians, Native American, Arabs & African Americans."

%A L. Bohnenkamper
%A M. D. V. Braga
%A D. Doerr
%A J. Stoye
%T Computing the rearrangement distance of natural genomes
%J arXiv
%M JAN
%D 2020
%K TR, MolBio, c2020, c202x, c20xx, zz0120, genome, sorting, rearrangement,
   genomic distance, homology, genes, double cut and join, DCJ
%X "... genomic distance ...  Substantial results include the polynomial-time
   computability of the inversion dist. by Hannenhalli & Pevzner in 1995 & the
   intr. of the double-cut & join (DCJ) dist. by Yancopoulos et al. in 2005. ...
   we present an alg. solving the genomic dist. problem for natural genomes, in
   which any marker may occur an arbitrary # of times. ... based on a new graph
   data structure, the multi-relational diagram, that allows an elegant
   extension of the ILP by Shao, Lin & Moret to count runs of markers that are
   under- or over-represented in one genome with respect to the other & need to
   be inserted or deleted, resp.. With this extension, previous restrictions on
   the genome configurations are lifted, for the first time enabling an
   uncompromising rearrangement analysis. Any marker seq. can directly be used
   for the distance calculation. The evaluation of our approach shows that it
   can be used to analyze genomes with up to a few ten thousand markers, which
   we demonstrate on simulated & real data."
   -- 2001.02139@[arXiv]['20].
   [Also search for: MolBio genomic distance].

%A H. S. Dent jr
%T The Demographic Cliff: How to Survive and Prosper During the
   Great Deflation of 2014-2019
%I PortfolioHC
%P 368
%M JAN
%D 2014
%K book, c2014, c201x, c20xx, zz0214, economics, economy, investment, housing,
   cycle, boom, demography, population, bust, prediction, zz0120, zzPrediction
%X 1st ed 2014; hb us$18; uk us isbn:1591847273; uk us isbn13:978-1591847274.
   "... With his track record of accurately predicting Japan's collapse in 1989,
   the dot-com bubble-bust in 2000 and the housing bust in 2006 to 2007 (among
   many other things), he has appeared on Good Morning America and PBS, and is
   a regular guest on CNBC and Fox Business[*]. ..."
   [*Is that a good thing?]  Also see
   -- [The_G.][13/2/2014].
   [Also search for: zzPrediction].  Must check back in 2020.

%A K. Haustein
%A et al ...
%A A. P. Schurer
%T A limited role for unforced internal variability in twentieth-century warming
%J J. of Climate
%V 32
%N 16
%M AUG
%D 2019
%K jrnl, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, 20C, climate, variability, surface, ocean,
   temperature, warming, global, change, external forcing, CO2, anthropogenic,
   meteorology, world, extreme weather attribution, WWA, probability,
   model, cause, causality
%X "The early 20C warming (EW; 1910-45) & the mid20C cooling (MC; 1950-80) have
   been linked to both internal variability of the climate system & changes in
   external radiative forcing. The degree to which either of the two factors
   contributed to EW & MC, or both, is still debated. Using a two-box impulse
   response model, we demonstrate that multidecadal ocean variability was
   unlikely to be the driver of observed changes in global mean surface temp.
   (GMST) after AD1850. Instead, virtually all (97%-98%) of the global low-freq.
   variability (> 30 years) can be explained by external forcing. We find
   similarly high % of explained variance for interhemispheric & land-ocean
   temp. evolution. Three key aspects are identified that underpin the
   conclusion of this new study: inhomogeneous anthropogenic aerosol forcing
   (AER), biases in the instrumental sea surface temperature (SST) datasets, &
   inadequate representation of the response to varying forcing factors. Once
   the spatially heterogeneous nature of AER is accounted for, the MC period is
   reconcilable with external drivers. SST biases & imprecise forcing responses
   explain the putative disagreement between models & observations during the
   EW period. As a consequence, Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) is found
   to be primarily controlled by external forcing too. ..."
   -- [doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0555.1]['19].
   [Also search for: weather attribution].
   (Also see world weather attribution [www][1/2020].)

%A C. Wilcox
%T Rude reviews are pervasive and sometimes harmful, study finds
%J Science
%V 366
%N 6472
%P 1433
%M DEC
%D 2019
%K news, views, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, papers, publications, scientific,
   research, PeerJ, journals, peer review, reviewing, refereeing, conduct,
   misconduct, citations, reviewer2
%X "... Peer reviewers are supposed to ensure that journals publish high-quality
   science ... a new PeerJ study, which surveyed 1106 scientists from 46
   countries and 14 disciplines.  More than half ... reported receiving at least
   one 'unprofessional' review, & a majority ... said they had received multiple
   problematic comments. [Eg] one author received a review that stated: 'The
   phrases I have so far avoided using in this review are 'lipstick on a pig'
   & 'bullshit baffles brains.'' Another reported receiving this missive:
   'The author's last name sounds Spanish. I didn't read the ms because I'm sure
   it's full of bad English.' ..."
   -- [doi:10.1126/science.aba5502]['20].
   [Also search for: reviewing] and [also search for: publish perish].

%A M. Hamana
%T How to prove decidability of equational theories with second-order
   computation analyser SOL
%J JFP
%V 29
%P #e20
%M DEC
%D 2019
%K jrnl, JFP, FP, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, theorem proving, prover, solver,
   maths, proof, SOL, second order, logic, decidability, decidable
%X "We present a general methodology of proving the decidability of equational
   theory of programming language concepts in the framework of second-order
   algebraic theories. ... a Haskell-based analysis tool, i.e. 2nd-Order Lab.,
   which assists the proofs of confluence & strong normalisation of computation
   rules derived from 2nd-order algebraic theories. To cover various examples in
   prog.lang. theory, we combine & extend both syntactical & semantical results
   of the 2nd-order computation in a non-trivial manner. We demo. how to prove
   decidability of various algebraic theories in the literature. It includes the
   equational theories of monad & \-calculi, Plotkin & Power's theory of states
   & bits, & Stark's theory of pi-calculus. We also demo. how this [it] can
   solve the coherence of monoidal categories."
   -- [doi:10.1017/S0956796819000157]['20].
   [NB. not the SOL of the 1980s.]
   [Also search for: theorem proving].

%A B. Cazaux
%A E. Rivals
%T Hierarchical overlap graph
%J IPL
%V 155
%N ?
%P ?-?
%M MAR
%D 2020
%K jrnl, IPL, c2020, c202x, c20xx, zz0120, graph, maths, algorithm, MolBio,
   sequence assembly, hierarchical, overlap, overlaps, HOG, strings, words,
   super string
%X "Given a set of finite words, the Overlap Graph (OG) is a complete weighted
   digraph where each word is a node & where the wt of an arc equals the length
   of the longest overlap of one word onto the other (Overlap is an asymmetric
   notion). The OG serves to assemble DNA fragments or to compute shortest
   superstrings, which are a compressed repn of the input. The OG requires space
   that is quadratic in the # of words, which limits its scalability. The
   Hierarchical Overlap Graph (HOG) is an alternative graph that also encodes
   all maximal overlaps, but uses space that is linear in the sum of the lengths
   of the input words. We propose the first alg. to build the HOG in linear
   space for words of equal length."
   -- [doi:10.1016/j.ipl.2019.105862]['20],
   or 1802.04632@[arXiv][2/'18].

%A Yangpen Yang
%A B. C. D. S. Oliveira
%T Pure iso-type systems
%J JFP
%V 29
%P #e14
%M OCT
%D 2019
%K jrnl, JFP, FP, c2019, c201x, c20xx, zz0120, type, iso, types, isoTypes,
   PITS, PITSs, dependent, dependently typed, programming languages
%X "... many dependently typed languages use a unified syntax that accounts for
   both terms & types. Unified syntax has some interesting advantages over
   separate syntax, inc. less duplication of concepts, & added expressiveness.
   However, integrating unrestricted general recursion in calculi with unified
   syntax is challenging when some level of type-level computation is present,
   since properties such as decidable type-checking are easily lost. This paper
   presents a family of calculi called pure iso-type systems (PITSs), which
   employs unified syntax, supports general recursion & preserves decidable
   type-checking. PITS is comparable in simplicity to pure type systems (PTSs),
   & is useful to serve as a foundation for F.languages that stand in-between
   traditional ML-like languages & fully blown dependently typed languages. In
   PITS, recursion & recursive types are completely unrestricted & type equality
   is simply based on alpha-equality, just like trad. ML-style languages.
   However, like most dependently typed languages, PITS uses unified syntax,
   naturally supporting many advanced type system features. Instead of implicit
   type conversion, PITS provides a generalization of iso-recursive types called
   iso-types. Iso-types replace the conversion rule typically used in
   dependently typed calculus & make every type-level computation explicit via
   cast operators. Iso-types avoid the complexity of explicit equality proofs
   employed in other approaches with casts. We study three variants of PITS that
   differ on the redn strategy employed by the cast operators: call-by-name,
   call-by-value & parallel redn. One key finding is that while using
   call-by-value or call-by-name redn in casts loses some expressive power, it
   allows those variants of PITS to have simple & direct operational semantics
   & proofs. In contrast, the variant of PITS with parallel redn retains the
   exp.power of PTS conversion, at the cost of a more complex metatheory."
   -- [doi:10.1017/S0956796819000108]['20].